Quick answer: Dry, flaky skin in dogs is often linked to dry winter air, bathing too often or with the wrong shampoo, parasites or allergies. Gentle grooming, the right shampoo, a balanced diet and regular parasite treatment help in many cases. If your dog is scratching constantly, losing hair or has red, sore or smelly skin, see your vet, because itching usually has a cause that needs treating.
What does dry skin look like in dogs?
You might spot white flakes in the coat (dog dandruff), especially along the back, or notice your dog scratching, licking or rubbing against furniture more than usual. The coat may look dull or feel rough, and the skin underneath can look pale and flaky or pink and irritated.
Common causes
Dry indoor air
Central heating in autumn and winter dries the air, and with it your dog's skin. This is one of the most common reasons owners notice flakes in the colder months.
Bathing habits
Bathing too often, or using human shampoo or harsh products, can strip the natural oils that protect the skin.
Parasites
Fleas are a very common cause of itching. Some mites cause noticeable scaling, including one nicknamed "walking dandruff" because the flakes can appear to move. Keep up with a vet-recommended parasite routine.
Allergies
Dogs can react to things in their environment, such as pollen, dust mites or grass, or occasionally to ingredients in their food. Allergic itching often shows up on the paws, ears, belly and armpits.
Diet
Skin health depends on good nutrition, including quality protein and fatty acids. A complete, balanced diet is the foundation.
Underlying health conditions
Hormonal conditions and skin infections can cause flaky skin, hair loss or a greasy, smelly coat. These need a vet to diagnose.
What helps at home
- Brush regularly. Brushing spreads natural oils through the coat and lifts loose flakes and hair.
- Get the bathing balance right. Use a gentle shampoo made for dogs and avoid bathing more often than they need. Rinse thoroughly and dry them well.
- Keep parasite treatment up to date. Treat all pets in the house, and wash bedding regularly.
- Check their diet. Make sure they're on a complete food suited to their age and size. Talk to your vet before making big changes.
- Keep them hydrated. Fresh water should always be available.
- Watch the heating. Keep their bed away from radiators and fires.
When to see your vet
- Itching that keeps them awake or doesn't settle
- Hair loss, bald patches or scabs
- Red, hot, sore, greasy or smelly skin
- Constant licking or chewing of paws
- Ear problems such as head shaking, redness or odour
- Any skin problem that keeps coming back
Don't try to manage persistent itching on your own. Scratching can damage the skin and lead to infection.
Frequently asked questions
Is dog dandruff normal?
A few flakes now and then, especially in winter, can be normal. Lots of dandruff, or flakes with itching or hair loss, is worth checking with your vet.
Can I use human moisturiser or shampoo on my dog?
It's best not to. Human products aren't designed for dog skin and some ingredients can irritate it or be harmful if licked. Use products made for dogs, or ask your vet.
Why is my dog's skin worse in winter?
Central heating dries the air indoors, and dogs may be bathed more after muddy winter walks. Both can leave skin dry and flaky.
Can supplements help with dry skin?
Some owners add a skin and coat supplement to their dog's routine. A supplement should sit alongside a complete diet, not replace it, and it isn't a treatment for skin disease. If your dog has a skin problem, your vet comes first.
Everyday skin and coat care
Our Skin & Coat Chews are a daily soft chew made to support comfortable, healthy skin and a glossy coat, in Chicken, Duck or Beef. They're a complementary feed for adult dogs and not a substitute for veterinary advice. Moulting too? Read our dog moulting guide.